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Energy Density Equation:
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Energy density (Wh/kg) is a key metric for lithium-ion batteries that measures how much energy a battery can store relative to its weight. It's crucial for evaluating battery performance in applications where weight is critical, such as electric vehicles and portable electronics.
The calculator uses the Energy Density equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation calculates how many watt-hours of energy the battery can provide per kilogram of its weight.
Details: Higher energy density means more energy storage in less weight, which is critical for applications like electric vehicles (longer range) and portable electronics (longer battery life in smaller devices).
Tips: Enter the battery's total capacity in watt-hours (Wh) and its weight in kilograms (kg). Both values must be positive numbers.
Q1: What is a good energy density for lithium-ion batteries?
A: As of 2023, commercial lithium-ion batteries typically range between 100-265 Wh/kg, with research prototypes reaching up to 400 Wh/kg.
Q2: How does energy density compare to power density?
A: Energy density measures total energy storage per weight (Wh/kg), while power density measures how quickly energy can be delivered (W/kg).
Q3: Why is energy density important for electric vehicles?
A: Higher energy density allows for either longer driving range with the same battery weight or the same range with lighter batteries.
Q4: What factors affect a battery's energy density?
A: Electrode materials, cell design, electrolyte composition, and battery chemistry all influence energy density.
Q5: How has energy density improved over time?
A: Energy density has improved about 5-8% annually, doubling approximately every 10 years through material and manufacturing advances.